Climate change is the greatest concern of mankind in 21st century. Melting of ice cap in the Himalayan regions will reduce chilling effect required for the flowering of many of the temperate fruit crops. Due to high temperature physiological disorder of fruit crops will be more pronounced in tropical and subtropical fruit crops eg. Spongy tissues of mango, fruit cracking of litchi etc. Air pollution also significantly decreased the yield of several horticultural crops and increases the intensity of certain physiological disorder like black tip of mango. Delay maturity, delay ripening, poor quality fruit, poor colour development, sun burn of fruit, poor panicle emergence, improper pollination etc. are some of the effect of climate change on fruits. Hence there is a need to protect these valuable crops for sustainability against the climate change scenario. The most effective way is to adopt conservation agriculture, using renewable energy, forest and water conservation, reforestation etc. Development of new cultivars tolerant to high temperature, resistant to pests and diseases, short duration and producing good yield under stress conditions, as well as adoption of hi-tech horticulture and judicious management of natural resources will be the main strategies to meet this challenge. Mitigation is the most important measures to reduce the devastating effect of climate change particularly carbon sequestration has the crucial role to mitigate the effect. 

Key Words: Abiotic stress, Climatic shift, Fruit crops, Mitigation